Has the International Criminal Court (ICC) appropriately applied statistical methodology in its legal processes regarding the crimes against humanity charges against Duterte?This question arises from a recent Philippine Daily Inquirer (PDI) post, which discusses the ICC's categorization of 43 cases as "representative examples" amidst a broader investigation into 12,000 to 30,000 deaths (Baclig, 2025). This terminology has sparked significant debate. Critics, including Sass Rogando Sasot, a noted Duterte supporter and scholar with graduate studies from abroad, argue that "representative sample" suggests a statistical method and contend that its use by the ICC raises questions about the credibility of their conclusions, criticizing the PDI for statistical inaccuracies and asserting that the PDI is "bad in math." (Sasot, 2025) What does "representative Sample" mean? In statistics, a representative sample accurately mirrors the characteristics of the entire population, allowing … [Read more...]
Justice Out of Context: Marcos Jr. and the Unwitting Puppet ICC Show
The role of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in global politics has increasingly come under scrutiny, with allegations of politicization and manipulation by powerful states raising serious concerns. These criticisms are particularly relevant in cases where national sovereignty and judicial competence are at stake. By applying the principle of cultural relativism, a key anthropological concept that emphasizes understanding and respecting the unique cultural and societal contexts of each nation, we can better evaluate the ICC’s actions. This framework reveals how the ICC’s interventions, such as its involvement in the Philippines’ 'war on drugs,' often overlook critical local nuances. Such oversights risk transforming the ICC into a geopolitical tool, undermining its mission of impartial justice and eroding its credibility. Grounding our analysis in cultural relativism allows us to assess the ICC’s role within the delicate balance of international justice and respect for national … [Read more...]
Art, Myth, and Labubu: Is It Demonic? A Reformed Christian Reflection
I recently came across a video by a pastor on Facebook in which he claims that Labubu is demonic. In his vlog, he presents several arguments and even references Scripture to support his position. You can view the two part video in the links at the end of this article. His argument that Labubu, a whimsical collectible art toy, is "demonic" rests on flawed reasoning and reflects a misunderstanding of art, mythology, and creativity. Labubu is, first and foremost, a work of art, created as a fictional character by an artist. While it is true that the creator of Labubu was inspired by Norse mythology, this does not automatically make the toy evil or spiritually harmful. Inspiration does not equate to intent or inherent moral value. To conclude that Labubu is demonic solely because of its resemblance to mythological elements is to commit a logical fallacy, specifically the Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc fallacy. This fallacy occurs when someone assumes that because two … [Read more...]
Calvinism and God’s use of “means”
Question: How sure are the Calvinists that they are unconditionally elected if no one shared the gospel to them ? While there are exceptional circumstances in which we hear testimonies of people being "saved" without any direct human involvement in sharing the gospel, God invariably employs means to draw the elect to the saving knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. True adherents of Calvinism would never assert that God bypasses such means for imparting the knowledge of the Gospel. If any so-called Calvinists suggest otherwise, they likely do not adhere to Calvinist doctrine or the broader beliefs of the Reformation movement on this matter. This principle is not only evident in Scripture but also explicitly outlined in the Canons of the Synod of Dort, the standard against which all claims about Calvinist teachings should be measured.The Third and Fourth Main Points of Doctrine of the Canons clearly state that Calvinists believe God uses means: “Article 17: God’s Use of Means … [Read more...]
Faith, Works, and Salvation: A short Comparative Analysis of Calvin & Arminius’ soteriological perspectives
Question: Explain the relationship between Faith and Works in justification and salvation. Compare the positions of two different theologians: John Calvin and Jacobus Arminius. There is arguably no better demonstration of the relationship between faith and works in justification and salvation than through the soteriological perspectives of John Calvin and Jacobus Arminius. John Calvin, a pivotal leader of the Reformation, and Jacobus Arminius, who studied under Calvin’s successor, Theodore Beza, represent two distinct views within Christian theology. Calvin’s soteriological doctrines, alongside those of similar Reformation thinkers, refined what is now known as "Reformed Soteriology," or more commonly, "Calvinism." In contrast, Arminius’s teachings are encapsulated within "Arminianism." As a side note, the standard of Calvinist doctrine is established by the Canons of the Synod of Dort (1618 to 1619) and various Confessions of Faith that clearly articulate … [Read more...]
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